[第八课]HFSS Specifying Solution Settings

官方软件说明： -9"hJ4  
Specify how ANSYS Electronics Desktop will compute a solution by adding a solution setup to the design. You can define more than one solution setup per design. .tB[8Y=J  
对于Driven模式求解器，Solution Setup如下图： oB27Y&nO  

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官方对General选项卡功能说明： l?_Iu_Qp  
For every Driven solution setup, specify whether to solve a Single Frequency, MultiFrequency,or Broadband, and provide the frequency information and units at which to generate the solution.Each method changes the fields shown in the dialog to those needed for the selection. If you enable HPC, multiple frequencies will be distributed.If a single frequency sweep is solved, an adaptive analysis is performed only at the solution frequency.If you want to solve over a range of frequencies, define a frequency sweep or a MultFrequency or Broadband solve. a;p3M
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In multiple frequencies solve, port adapt is at the highest frequency and lambda refine is based on an algorithm that uses the highest and lowest user frequencies to allow maximum reuse of solved data.The lambda refinement frequency is the "nominal frequency". The mesh at each pass is solved at multiple frequencies and energy error from all frequencies points are used to drive the mesh refinement for the next pass. The adaptive solution is converged when the simulation reaches the maximum number of passes or when all frequency points reach the targeted maximum delta S.The minimum converged passes and minimum number of passed parameters apply as the total requested passes. EP#3+BsH  
Single Frequency +p =n-  
If you select Single for solution frequency, you specify a value and units with a maximum delta S (or Matrix Convergence), plus the maximum number of passes.   *iB_$7n`  
Multi-Frequency ]R^?Pa1Te4  
If you select Multi-Frequency, you can use the Add button to add additional frequencies, and edit the value, units, and Max. Delta for each frequency.   %YhZ#>WT  
Broadband uS3s  
If you select Broadband, you define the frequency band by providing the low and high frequency, with a maximum delta S (that is applied to all solved frequencies), plus the maximum number of passes. The meshing frequencies include the Low and High with the remaining points determined automatically by HFSS. When the user requests DC as the low frequency, the lowest frequency solved by the adaptive meshing process is determined by an algorithm that looks at the range of frequencies you entered. `0+zF-  
Solving for Ports Only Rv=(D^F,  
For Driven solution types with ports.To quickly compute only the 2D excitation field patterns, impedances, and propagation constants at each port. 4ze-N8<[  
HFSS calculates the natural field patterns (or modes) that can exist inside a transmission structure with the same cross-section as the port. These 2D field patterns serve as boundary conditions for the full 3D problem. iMnp `:*  
Maximum Number of Passes imdfin?=
 
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The Maximum Number of Passes value is the maximum number of mesh refinement cycles that you would like HFSS to perform. This value is a stopping criterion for the adaptive solution; if the maximum number of passes has been completed, the adaptive analysis stops. If the maximum number of passes has not been completed, the adaptive analysis will continue unless the convergence criteria are reached. qyMR
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Maximum Delta S Per Pass 9:^SnHAa  
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For designs with ports or Transient Solutions for Device Characterization. The delta S is the magnitude of the change of the Sparameters between two consecutive passes. The solver reports the worst case violation. The value you set for Maximum Delta S is a stopping criterion for the adaptive solution. If the magnitude of the change of all Sparameters are less than this value from one iteration to the next, the adaptive analysis stops. Otherwise, it continues until the requested number of passes is completed. The default value is reasonable for most cases.Setting the Maximum Delta S too small wastes computer resources and time. Setting it too large jeopardizes accuracy. Always set the Delta S with your error tolerance in mind.  R1'bB"$  
Maximum Delta Energy Per Pass E Kks8  
For designs with voltage sources, current sources, incident waves or magnetic bias or Transient Solutions for Field Visualization. (o_wv  
Not applicable to designs with ports. 62&E]>A(i  
The delta Energy is the difference in the relative energy error from one adaptive solution to the next. The value you set for Maximum Delta Energy is a stopping criterion for the adaptive solution. If the delta Energy falls below this value, the adaptive analysis stops. Otherwise, it continues until the convergence criteria are reached. Lwgk}!KR  
Matrix Convergence Criteria 6xSdA;<+]  
For designs with ports. You can specify different stopping criteria for specific entries in the S-matrix. This is done in the Matrix Convergence dialog box. The adaptive analysis will continue until the magnitude and phase of the entries change by an amount less than the specified criteria from one pass to the next, or until the number of requested passes is completed.   iARIvhfdi  
Note:Convergence   \AOVdnM:  
In multiple frequencies modes, when frequency point p convergences prior to frequency point q, keep adapting at p until q and all other points achieve convergence.The convergence data in the solution data dialog for single frequency mode is calculated in the same way as before. In multiple frequencies mode, the convergence plotted on the convergence display item corresponds to the global maximum delta S. Convergence data such as “Max. Delta S” appear in the reporter as standard solution quantity so that you can easily plot the maximum delta S for each frequency point vs. pass.  WpX)[au  
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对于Eigen Solution Setup如下图： m#+0uZm(  

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官方对此选项卡说明： ^{8r(1,  
For every Eigenmode solution setup, specify the minimum frequency at which to search for eigenmodes. HFSS searches for the user-specified number of modes with a higher resonant frequency than the Minimum Frequency value. wy&s~lpV,7  
For every Eigenmode solution setup, specify the number of eigenmode solutions that the solver finds. If you enter 5, the solver calculates the first 5 eigen mode solutions above the minimum frequency. D@tuu]%p  
Maximum Delta Frequency Per Pass u"-q"0
 
For Eigenmode solution types.The delta Frequency .. TD+V.}  
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Lambda Refinement   {LwV&u(  
Lambda refinement is the process of refining the initial mesh based on the material dependent  wavelength. l ~b  
It is recommended and selected by default. HFSS performs solution adaptive mesh refinement to produce accurate results. 2j9+ f{ l  
Lambda Refinement is necessary to avoid false convergence and achieve accuracy to the field data especially for electrically (approximately greater than 2*lambda) large problems. The Lambda refinement process helps to start with the optimal balance between element count and element size. For efficient convergence, the initial mesh should meet some element electrical size requirements as determined by lambda refinement. Typically, a few elements per wavelength are needed for accurate results and since wavelength depends upon the material, the element length target differs for each material. You can specify the size of the element target by which HFSS refines the mesh in the Lambda Target field or select the recommended Use Default Value. The default value in the Lambda Target field also depends upon the Order of the Basis Functions. For example, if the lambda target is 0.3333, the initial mesh is refined such that on each solid the length of the elements are approximately smaller than 0.333*wavelength. s)gUvS\  
If you use the Advanced tab to link to a mesh from another design or project, Do Lamda Refinement is unchanged. q+KGQ*  
The Percent Maximum Refinement Per Pass 4pYscB  
The value you set for percent Maximum Refinement Per Pass determines how many tetrahedra are added at each iteration of the adaptive refinement process. The tetrahedra with the highest error will be refined. The default value is 30%.   \yQs[l%J  
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The Maximum Refinement   <)D)j[  
This specifies the maximum number of tetrahedra that can be added during an adaptive pass. By default, this unchecked, to that there is no maximum. If you enable the Maximum Refinement, the initial value is 1000000.   Yqpe2II7  
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The Minimum Number of Passes   SFj:|S=v6j  
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An adaptive analysis will not stop unless the minimum number of passes you specify has been completed, even if convergence criteria have been met.   'Gr}<B$A3  
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The Minimum Number of Converged Passes   X&s@S5=r]  
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An adaptive analysis will not stop unless the minimum number of converged passes you specify has been completed.   uBr^TM$k&  
The Order of Basis Functions "@P)  
You can change the basis functions HFSS uses to interpolate field values from nodal values.  This can be First Order (the default), Zero Order, Second Order, or Mixed order.Setting the Order of Basis functions affects the default value of the Lambda Refinement in the Solution setups as follows. 4
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Zero order:	driven 0.1,	eigenmode 0.1
First order:	driven .3333,	eigenmode 0.2(as is)
Second order:	driven 0.6667,	eigenmode 0.4
Mixed order	driven 0.6667	eigenmode 0.6667

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The Zero order option is useful when a model requires a mesh that produces more than 100,000 tetrahedra, but the model size is small compared to wavelength. The higher order options solve progressively more unknowns for each tetrahedron. Mixed order uses higher order where more accuracy is required, and lower order where fields are weaker. |a>W9Ym  
Direct Solver ^HO'"/tB@D  
The Direct solver provides a multi-frontal (MF) approach when a matrix is not well-conditioned for an iterative solution. The iterative solver significantly reduces memory usage, and it can also provide a savings in the solution time for large simulations. When you select the Enable Direct Solver option, HFSS automatically invokes the multi-frontal solver. If you select the Iterative Solver and HFSS decides that the matrix is not conditioned well enough to take advantage of the iterative approach HFSS still uses the multi-frontal solver. ( 04clU^F  
Iterative Solver The iterative solver provides an alternative to the multi-frontal solver when a matrix is wellconditioned for an iterative solution. The iterative solver significantly reduces memory usage, and it can also provide a savings in the solution time for large simulations. When you select the Enable Iterative Solver option, HFSS automatically invokes the iterative solver when it decides that the matrix is conditioned well enough to take advantage of the iterative approach. HFSS uses the multi-frontal solver if the matrix does not meet this requirement. e-4 Qw#cw  
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Domain Decomposition M,uQ8SZA[  
If a problem is too large to solve on one machine HFSS can automatically partition a design into domains that can be solved by separate processes. Before enabling solver domains, you must have the HPC license option, and you must have allocated at least three distributed machines to the solve pool. The number of domains that the solver creates will not exceed N-1, where N is the number of machines listed in the pool (The first machine in the pool acts as the head node and is responsible for domain assembly, mesh refinement, and solution management). If more machines are present in the solve pool than are needed, HFSS creates the number of domains that leads to increased overall solver efficiency. Consequently, some machines remain idle if the problem size does not justify their use. See the Technical Note on domain decomposition for further details.   M%U1?^
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Specifying a Source for the Initial Mesh [xTu29X.  
You may choose to specify a source for the initial mesh from either the current design or another design. The source mesh should represent a geometrically equivalent model.   >sUavvJ~x  
Use Radiation Boundary on Ports If the design includes wave ports, the Use Radiation Boundary on Ports option is enabled under the Advanced options tab of the Solution Setup dialog box. l If you select this setting, edges which are assigned to ABC and touch a port have an radiation boundary condition applied during the port solution. +~E;x1&'  
l If you do not select the setting, a perfect conducting boundary condition is used during the port calculations. CPw=?<db  
Port Options aMxg6\8  
If the design includes wave ports, the Port Options options appear under the Advanced options tab of the Solution Setup dialog box. These options include: c']3N  
Maximum Delta Zo - change to Zo specified as a target percentage. The default is 2%. w=UFj  
Use Radiation Boundaries on Ports TT'sO[N[  
Set Triangles for Wave Port - unchecked by default. @Yv.HhO9  
If you check Set Triangles for Wave Port, the Minimum and Maximum fields are enabled. You can edit the default values of 100 for the minimum and 500 for the maximum. 2itJD1;  
For designs with lumped ports, this option is not active. Higher numbers of triangles would not benefit a solution setup in this case.

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Setting Hybrid Region Parameters for HFSS z.xOT;t  
When you set up an adaptive analysis, define the following parameters under the Hybrid tab of the Solution Setup dialog box: VkD8h+)  
IE Solver Options. You can specify the IE Solver type as ACA (the traditional method) or as MLFMM, which is superior than ACA for models with large FE-BI surfaces, and also works for HFSS-IE designs, and IE regions. The default choice is Auto, in which the choice is made based on the characteristics of the design. #U=}Pv~wM  

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Expressions for Adaptive Convergence   Hv(0<k6oH  
You can specify additional convergence criteria through the use of expressions and output variables. The Max Delta or the Max Percent Delta defined for expression convergence represents the difference in values of the expressions between consecutive adaptive passes. If the difference in the value of the expression between consecutive passes is less than the Max Delta or the Max Percent Delta value this part of the convergence criteria is satisfied. ?`Qw=8]`  
For driven solutions, if the Maximum Delta S, Maximum Delta E, or alternate matrix convergence criteria are achieved in addition to any specified expression convergence criteria, the adaptive analysis stops. Otherwise, the solution continues until the requested number of passes is completed. [Rw0']i`4  
For eigenmode solutions, if the Maximum Delta Frequency Per Pass criteria is achieved in addition to any specified expression convergence criteria, the adaptive analysis stops. Otherwise, the solution continues until the requested number of passes is completed.

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Produce Derivatives for Selected Variables vY|{CBGbd  
The Derivatives feature produces derivatives of S-parameters and related matrix quantities such as Y or Z. The solver also outputs partial derivatives of E and H over the radiation surfaces. The Reporter can then calculate the partial derivative of the far fields using of E and H over the radiation surfaces based on the same formulation as the far fields. Thus the tuned far fields are derived from the nominal field fields, and the partial derivative of the far fields.  L~F"  
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